PySpark SQL: 将Python字典列表转换为PySpark DataFrame
2021-11-05 09:26:58.0
1、从字典推断schema
从Spark 2.x开始,可直接从python字典推断出schema。
# Dict List data = [{"Category": 'Category A', "ID": 1, "Value": 12.40}, {"Category": 'Category B', "ID": 2, "Value": 30.10}, {"Category": 'Category C', "ID": 3, "Value": 100.01} ] # 创建DataFrame df = spark.createDataFrame(data) print(df.schema) df.show()
执行以上代码,输出结果如下:
StructType(List(StructField(Category,StringType,true),StructField(ID,LongType,true),StructField(Value,DoubleType,true))) +----------+---+------+ | Category| ID| Value| +----------+---+------+ |Category A| 1| 12.4| |Category B| 2| 30.1| |Category C| 3|100.01| +----------+---+------+
2、使用Row对象
在这个代码中,我们使用了pyspark.sql.Row用于解析字典项,还使用**解包每个字典中的关键字。
from pyspark.sql import Row # Dict List data = [{"Category": 'Category A', "ID": 1, "Value": 12.40}, {"Category": 'Category B', "ID": 2, "Value": 30.10}, {"Category": 'Category C', "ID": 3, "Value": 100.01} ] # 创建DataFrame df = spark.createDataFrame([Row(**i) for i in data]) print(df.schema) df.show()
执行以上代码,输出结果如下:
StructType(List(StructField(Category,StringType,true),StructField(ID,LongType,true),StructField(Value,DoubleType,true))) +----------+---+------+ | Category| ID| Value| +----------+---+------+ |Category A| 1| 12.4| |Category B| 2| 30.1| |Category C| 3|100.01| +----------+---+------+
3、显式指定schema
当然,我们可以显式地定义DataFrame的模式。在下面的代码中,我们根据字典中的数据类型来定义模式:
from pyspark.sql.types import ArrayType, StructField, StructType, StringType, IntegerType, DecimalType from decimal import Decimal # Dict List data = [{"Category": 'Category A', "ID": 1, "Value": Decimal(12.40)}, {"Category": 'Category B', "ID": 2, "Value": Decimal(30.10)}, {"Category": 'Category C', "ID": 3, "Value": Decimal(100.01)} ] # 构造schema schema = StructType([ StructField('Category', StringType(), False), StructField('ID', IntegerType(), False), StructField('Value', DecimalType(scale=2), True) ]) # 创建DataFrame df = spark.createDataFrame(data, schema) print(df.schema) df.show()
执行以上代码,输出结果如下:
StructType(List(StructField(Category,StringType,false),StructField(ID,IntegerType,false),StructField(Value,DecimalType(10,2),true))) +----------+---+------+ | Category| ID| Value| +----------+---+------+ |Category A| 1| 12.40| |Category B| 2| 30.10| |Category C| 3|100.01| +----------+---+------+